Intellect vs. Instinct in To Build a Fire by Jack London

The ignorance of the main character in To Build a Fire by Jack London is what ultimately causes his failure. He has never experienced cold like that of the Yukon Trail but is confidant, regardless, that he will reach his goal of meeting his friends at the campsite. It is the man s determination to follow his intellect rather than his instinct that reveals his ignorance. The man begins his journey relying on flawed intellect. He illogically treks through snow, wetting his boots and feet, and must dry them before they succumb to frostbite. When the dog s feet get wet, it instinctively licks and bites at the ice that forms between its toes. The man helps the dog, briefly removing his mitten in the numbing cold. The man does not take the†¦show more content†¦Empty as the man s mind was of thoughts, he was keenly observant, and he noticed changes in the creeks, the curves and bends and timbre jams, and always he sharply noted where he placed his feet. Here, the man is learning from his prior mistakes and letting himself be led by the cold, earlier when he was thinking of his goal and not of his feet, he found himself with freezing toes. Now, after time in the Yukon, he has found a respect for the cold. Although, this respect is not enough to drive him to the next campsite, London is unforgiving of the man s original eubrice in taking on the col d, and does not seem to want to allow him to succeed. Eventually the man s focus had to turn from his own goal, reaching the riches of the Yukon Trail, to survival, and fighting the frostbite that is slowly overtaking his body. However, the man refuses to consider the consequences of his actions, even when his life is threatened by the accidents: And all the time, in his consciousness, was the knowledge that each instant his feet were freezing. This thought tended to put him in a panic, but he fought against it and kept calmShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesand more productive to provide access for all employees to the information that can help them make their own decisions as well as the authority to make those decisions. RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF THE QUALITY OF MANAGEMENT Company leadership builds this new business effectiveness as it systematically develops, operates, measures, and integrates all of the following things: ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  Market and leadership capabilities Technology capacities Brand names Customer relationships HumanRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesDEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen Acquisitions Editor: Kim Norbuta Editorial Project Manager: ClaudiaRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson EditorialRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesauthor endorse you or your use of the work). (2) Noncommercial You may not use this work for commercial purposes (for example, by inserting passages into a book that is sold to students). (3) No Derivative Works You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. An earlier version of the book was published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, California USA in 1993 with ISBN number 0-534-17688-7. When Wadsworth decided no longer to print the book, they returned their publishing rights

Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay

Power Analysis: Martin Luther King Jr.’s Letter from Birmingham Jail A statement from eight white clergymen from Alabama prompted Martin Luther King’s â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail†. This statement criticized Kings actions of non-violent protests against racial segregation and the injustice of unequal civil rights in America (Carpenter elt al.). The eight clergymen considered Birmingham to be â€Å"their† town and King was disrupting the â€Å"Law and Order and Common Sense† established in coping with racial issues in Alabama during this time (Carpenter elt al. par 1). These clergymen considered King an â€Å"outsider† and describe his actions as â€Å"unwise and untimely† (Carpenter elt al. par 3). This statement suggests that there is an appropriate time†¦show more content†¦Martin Luther King’s Jr.’s letter was influential in inspiring and ultimately altering societal attitude on racial issues. He used a creative use of language that addresses any plausible audience including: t he clergymen, the religious moderates, the equal rights supporters and the oppressed black community. The use of famous icons, religious leaders, and traditional scholars as references provided a multitude of examples that clearly illustrated King’s key points. Moreover, King carefully analyzed the duplicity of racial segregation through examples of â€Å"civil disobedience† among important historical icons valued in society (King par 21). In doing this King is able to utilize Luke’s, three-dimensional approach and tilt the power dynamic in his favor. It is Luke’s political strategy that helps King to create the desired power shift. His approach forces his audience to look beyond the surface (one-dimensional view), into the First-Amendment rights to protest (second-dimensional view), and further into the behavior that oppresses and segregates the black community (third-dimensional view) (Lukes). King creates parallels and invokes images that are fa miliar to his audience. In particular, in aims these images to the White Anglo Saxon society by creating the awareness of their hypocrisy. King uses the examples of Shadrach, Meschack and Abendego, whoShow MoreRelatedMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From A Birmingham Jail1157 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s â€Å"Letter from a Birmingham Jail† is directed towards the clergymen, although America is his audience, King had come to Birmingham to address the segregation problem in the United States. He refuses to stay silent, even though people told him to wait for the change to happen. King is a part of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference that has many organizations across the South. He felt that he has a right to be in Birmingham because his organizations have connections withRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail934 Words   |  4 PagesIn Martin Luther King Jr.’s , â€Å" Letter from Birmingham Jail†, King r esponds to the judgments of a group of clergymen , after King s arrest, by writing a letter explaining why the clergymen s judgments were wrong. In his letter, king brings very reasonable and valid points that challenge the judgments of the ministers. The main arguments that king makes would be the reason of his existence in Birmingham, white power structure and its racial injustice, and finally why negotiation has brought up impatienceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. s Letter From Birmingham Jail1223 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King, Jr.’s, â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail,† emphasizes the need for civil disobedience when faced with unjust laws. This idea contradicts Socrates’ claim made in Crito, that one must follow the law under all circumstances. In this paper, I will argue that Socrates is not a proponent of civil disobedience based on King’s definition of civil disobedience and Socrates’ charges. Moreover, I will argue that both S ocrates and King disagree with one another based on the concept of civilRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail1665 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween these two are most evident in their desire for freedom. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted freedom from segregation and Plato wanted freedom from ignorance. They both wanted justice, and knew that it was immoral to take deny another being justice. For example, Plato has said, â€Å"†¦ Injustice is always an evil and dishonor to him who acts unjustly.† This is similar to what Martin Luther King Jr has also stated in â€Å"Letters from Birmingham Jail†, â€Å"We have a moral responsibility to disobey any law that conflictsRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail1726 Words   |  7 PagesOver the course of Letter from Birmingham Jail (1963), the author, Martin Luther King Jr., makes extended allusions to multiple philosophers, among them Aquinas and Socrates. His comparison would seem to indicate that he shares an affinity with them. However, the clarity with which he makes his arguments and the dedication to a single premise strikes most strongly of Kant. Just as Kant’s magnum opus, Critique of Pure Reason, attempted to completely upend a previously accepted mode of thought, soRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter From Birmingham Jail890 Words   |  4 PagesFrom 1882-1968, 4,743 lynchings occurred in the United States (NAACP). African Americans accounted for 72.2% of recorded lynchings, yet close to none of these lynchings were ever brought justice. Racial injustice was a huge issue until the mid-l ate twentieth century, and Martin Luther King Jr.’s 1963 â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail† was one of the first documents to address the issue. It is one of history’s most important documents regarding racial injustice, as it is considered a classic documentRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.’S Persuasion in â€Å"Letter from Birmingham Jail†1569 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.’s Persuasion in â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail† After being arrested and imprisoned in Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous works to the people of Birmingham, titled â€Å"Letter From Birmingham Jail on April 16, 1963. This piece speaks of the evils of the segregation laws and how the blacks had been treated unfairly in Birmingham, in an attempt to get the white people to support the desegregation of Birmingham. He had been imprisoned because of hisRead MoreAnalysis Of Martin Luther King Jr s Letter From Birmingham Jail986 Words   |  4 Pages and Dr. Martin Luther King Jr’s Letter from Birmingham Jail are two important pieces of history. In Lincoln’s speech he speaks about the dangers of slavery in the United States and warned everybody that people who disrespected American laws could destroy the United States. On the other hand, Martin Luther King Jr. defended the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism, and argued that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws. Based on these facts, Martin Luther King Jr does notRead MoreAnalysis of Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail962 Words   |  4 Pagesintangible, it is still necessary. Some forms of inspiration come as passionate love while others appeal as injustice. Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail was a response to A Call for Unity by eight white clergymen. His inspiration for writing the letter was the clergymens unjust proposals and the letter allowed him to present his rebuttal. Martin Luther King Jr. effectively crafted his counter argument by first directly addressing his audience, the clergymen, and then using logosRead More Martin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail Essay1149 Words   |  5 PagesMartin Luther King Jr.s Letter from Birmingham Jail   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Martin Luther King Jr. writes the Clergymen that have written him a letter disputing his actions in Birmingham. King is disturbed and offended by the Clergymen disagreeing with his purpose in Birmingham. King say he normally does not respond to criticism because it would waste to much precious time, but since these were men of good will he wanted to give his answers to their statements. In Kings letter he appeals to many emotions as

Find Arts and Humanitites Degree Programs 2019

There are online degrees from art design colleges available in both digital design and web design. Digital design is very art-oriented while web design incorporates designing a web site for commercial, political, or social purposes. Webmasters are essential to businesses because he incorporation of web applications into commercial sites can have a significant affect on potential customers. Potential webmasters can develop some of their skills through online degrees in visual communications, web and multimedia design; and in graphic design. Other skills that go with website development can be obtained through distance learning courses in online advertising or internet/intranet management programs. The video game industry is one of the largest professional fields in digital art and design. Online schools have an arrayof courses, and even degrees, in subject areas such as animation, game art and design, game software development and digital graphics. A bachelors degree in game art or game software includes a substantial amount of technical coursework on software and web applications, and a little less emphasis on design. However, online programs work well for these courses because you can go over it with your instructor until you understand it thoroughly. Many of these same programs are applied in industrial design situations. AutoCAD is only part of industrial design; the art of the product is critical as well. This career requires balancing between the aesthetic and the functional. You can find online training for the right mix of digital skills to break into this field as well. .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a:active, .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ud5e5a340a90dbe502b70bc21cfd7f53a:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Life is the Best Financial Planning EducationSearch our index of hundreds of Arts and Humanities Degree Programs offered by Accredited Colleges, Universities and Schools. Related ArticlesRapid Growth of IT BusinessesFind Computer and Technology Degree ProgramsNever Ending Career Opportunities In ITConsidering an online Graphic Design degree Discover what it takes to compete.The Future of Computer ScientistsFrom IT School to an IT Career

Stanley Milgram s Theory Of Group Conformity, The Power...

Stanley Milgram was born in 1933 and was raised in New York. He graduated from James Monroe High School in 1950. Milgram then went on to earn his bachelor s degree from Queens College in 1954. His profound love of city life which was reflected in his 1970 article for Science on The Experience of City Living. Milgram later went on and furthered his studies at Harvard where he earned his Ph.D. Milgram was interested in social issues when it came to sociology. Milgram spent 1959-1960 at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton with Solomon Asch. Solomon Asch was known for his classic experiment of group conformity, the power of peer pressure: the Asch experiment. In this experiment it required individuals to select lines judged to be the same size. The correct choices that would have been made were offset by counterfeit alternatives that were selected by the Asch himself. These conflicting opinions induced the selection of lines that were not even close to the same length as the ot her. Milgram changed the design from lines to shocks and conducted his famous series of studies on obedience to authority, which came to be known as the power of authority: the Milgram experiment. The Milgram experiment was to test the power authority has on the common human being. Milgram performed the experiment with two individuals at a time. Two individuals show up for a study and are taken to a room where one is strapped in a chair to prevent movement and an electrode is placed on hisShow MoreRelatedHistory Of Obedience And Conformity1729 Words   |  7 PagesObedience and Conformity With the utterance of â€Å"research in obedience,† Stanley Milgram is the epithet in social psychology. 56 years ago, Milgram tested the limits of a person s ability to commit deeds that would normally be directionally challenging to their moral compass when commanded to act by an authority figure. Just 15 years after the World War II Holocaust, the Milgram experiments was a social psychology response to a topic of â€Å"particular relevance† during that time (Milgram, 1963): WereRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Norms On The People And The World Around Us Essay1694 Words   |  7 Pages Social roles are the different positions a person can become within a group. These roles are important because each role is a different set of behaviors. When individuals grow and mature, their role may change. Some roles change for the better, some change in an undesirable way. Social norms are defined as a set of unwritten rules about how we behave. The behaviors that fulfill a social norm is called conformity. Conformity can be defined as the change in behavior due other people’s influences (AronsonRead MoreSocial Influence4418 Words   |  18 PagesSocial influence occurs when ones emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others.[1] Social influence takes many forms and can be seen in conformity, socialization, peer pressure, obedience, leadership, persuasion, sales, and marketing. In 1958, Harvard psychologist, Herbert Kelman identified three broad varieties of social influence.[2] 1. Compliance is when people appear to agree with others, but actually keep their dissenting opinions private. 2. Identification is when peopleRead MoreOrganizational Behaviour Analysis28615 Words   |  115 PagesNature and Scope of Organisation Theory Levels of Analysis The Metaphorical Approach Organising Processes Understanding Change Conflict, Negotiation, and the Politics of Change Group and Team Working Cultures and Leaders as Cultural Agents Trust Linking the Themes Introductory Notes on Organisational Analysis Understanding Organisations The Limits of Rationalism Levels of Analysis: The SOGI Model Limitations of the SOGI Model The Individual Level The Group Level The Organisation Level TheRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesand permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permissi on(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturersRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesbuilt-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore

Deception Point Page 97 Free Essays

Rachel inserted the entire stack into the hydrolab’s fax machine. Knowing only a few fax numbers by heart, she had limited choices, but she had already made up her mind who would be receiving these pages and her note. Holding her breath, she carefully typed in the person’s fax number. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception Point Page 97 or any similar topic only for you Order Now She pressed â€Å"send,† praying she had chosen the recipient wisely. The fax machine beeped. ERROR: NO DIAL TONE Rachel had expected this. The Goya’s communications were still being jammed. She stood waiting and watching the machine, hoping it functioned like hers at home. Come on! After five seconds, the machine beeped again. REDIALING†¦ Yes! Rachel watched the machine lock into an endless loop. ERROR: NO DIAL TONE REDIALING†¦ ERROR: NO DIAL TONE REDIALING†¦ Leaving the fax machine in search of a dial tone, Rachel dashed out of the hydrolab just as helicopter blades thundered overhead. 119 One hundred and sixty miles away from the Goya, Gabrielle Ashe was staring at Senator Sexton’s computer screen in mute astonishment. Her suspicions had been right. But she had never imagined how right. She was looking at digital scans of dozens of bank checks written to Sexton from private space companies and deposited in numbered accounts in the Cayman Islands. The smallest check Gabrielle saw was for fifteen thousand dollars. Several were upward of half a million dollars. Small potatoes, Sexton had told her. All the donations are under the two-thousand-dollar cap. Obviously Sexton had been lying all along. Gabrielle was looking at illegal campaign financing on an enormous scale. The pangs of betrayal and disillusionment settled hard now in her heart. He lied. She felt stupid. She felt dirty. But most of all she felt mad. Gabrielle sat alone in the darkness, realizing she had no idea what to do next. 120 Above the Goya, as the Kiowa banked over the stern deck, Delta-One gazed down, his eyes fixating on an utterly unexpected vision. Michael Tolland was standing on deck beside a small submersible. Dangling in the sub’s robotic arms, as if in the clutches of a giant insect, hung Delta-Two, struggling in vain to free himself from two enormous claws. What in the name of God!? Equally as shocking an image, Rachel Sexton had just arrived on deck, taking up a position over a bound and bleeding man at the foot of the submersible. The man could only be Delta-Three. Rachel held one of the Delta Force’s machine guns on him and stared up at the chopper as if daring them to attack. Delta-One felt momentarily disoriented, unable to fathom how this possibly could have happened. The Delta Force’s errors on the ice shelf earlier had been a rare but explainable occurrence. This, however, was unimaginable. Delta-One’s humiliation would have been excruciating enough under normal circumstances. But tonight his shame was magnified by the presence of another individual riding with him inside the chopper, a person whose presence here was highly unconventional. The controller. Following the Delta’s kill at the FDR Memorial, the controller had ordered Delta-One to fly to a deserted public park not far from the White House. On the controller’s command, Delta-One had set down on a grassy knoll among some trees just as the controller, having parked nearby, strode out of the darkness and boarded the Kiowa. They were all en route again in a matter of seconds. Although a controller’s direct involvement in mission operations was rare, Delta-One could hardly complain. The controller, distressed by the way the Delta Force had handled the kills on the Milne Ice Shelf and fearing increasing suspicions and scrutiny from a number of parties, had informed Delta-One that the final phase of the operation would be overseen in person. Now the controller was riding shotgun, witnessing in person a failure the likes of which Delta-One had never endured. This must end. Now. The controller gazed down from the Kiowa at the deck of the Goya and wondered how this could possibly have happened. Nothing had gone properly-the suspicions about the meteorite, the failed Delta kills on the ice shelf, the necessity of the high-profile kill at the FDR. â€Å"Controller,† Delta-One stammered, his tone one of stunned disgrace as he looked at the situation on the deck of the Goya. â€Å"I cannot imagine†¦ â€Å" Nor can I, the controller thought. Their quarry had obviously been grossly underestimated. The controller looked down at Rachel Sexton, who stared up blankly at the chopper’s reflective windshield and raised a CrypTalk device to her mouth. When her synthesized voice crackled inside the Kiowa, the controller expected her to demand that the chopper back off or extinguish the jamming system so Tolland could call for help. But the words Rachel Sexton spoke were far more chilling. â€Å"You’re too late,† she said. â€Å"We’re not the only ones who know.† The words echoed for a moment inside the chopper. Although the claim seemed far-fetched, the faintest possibility of truth gave the controller pause. The success of the entire project required the elimination of all those who knew the truth, and as bloody as the containment had turned out to be, the controller had to be certain this was the conclusion. Someone else knows†¦ Considering Rachel Sexton’s reputation for following strict protocol of classified data, the controller found it very hard to believe that she would have decided to share this with an outside source. Rachel was on the CrypTalk again. â€Å"Back off and we’ll spare your men. Come any closer and they die. Either way, the truth comes out. Cut your losses. Back off.† â€Å"You’re bluffing,† the controller said, knowing the voice Rachel Sexton was hearing was an androgynous robotic tone. â€Å"You have told no one.† â€Å"Are you ready to take that chance?† Rachel fired back. â€Å"I couldn’t get through to William Pickering earlier, so I got spooked and took out some insurance.† The controller frowned. It was plausible. â€Å"They’re not buying it,† Rachel said, glancing at Tolland. The soldier in the claws gave a pained smirk. â€Å"Your gun is empty, and the chopper’s going to blow you to hell. You’re both going to die. Your only hope is to let us go.† Like hell, Rachel thought, trying to assess their next move. She looked at the bound and gagged man who lay at her feet directly in front of the sub. He looked delirious from loss of blood. She crouched beside him, looking into the man’s hard eyes. â€Å"I’m going to take off your gag and hold the CrypTalk; you’re going to convince the helicopter to back off. Is that clear?† The man nodded earnestly. Rachel pulled out the man’s gag. The soldier spat a wad of bloody saliva up into Rachel’s face. â€Å"Bitch,† he hissed, coughing. â€Å"I’m going to watch you die. They’re going to kill you like a pig, and I’m going to enjoy every minute.† Rachel wiped the hot saliva from her face as she felt Tolland’s hands lifting her away, pulling her back, steadying her as he took her machine gun. She could feel in his trembling touch that something inside him had just snapped. Tolland walked to a control panel a few yards away, put his hand on a lever, and locked eyes with the man lying on the deck. â€Å"Strike two,† Tolland said. â€Å"And on my ship, that’s all you get.† With a resolute rage, Tolland yanked down on the lever. A huge trapdoor in the deck beneath the Triton fell open like the floor of a gallows. The bound soldier gave a short howl of fear and then disappeared, plummeting through the hole. He fell thirty feet to the ocean below. The splash was crimson. The sharks were on him instantly. The controller shook with rage, looking down from the Kiowa at what was left of Delta-Three’s body drifting out from under the boat on the strong current. The illuminated water was pink. Several fish fought over something that looked like an arm. How to cite Deception Point Page 97, Essay examples

Analysis of Sustainability using Organizational Theory Perspectives

Question: Critical evaluation of Modernist and Postmodernist to understand sustainability within organizations. Answer: Introduction This paper critically evaluates the theoretical situations and a different understanding of modernism and postmodernism of sustainability within organizations. The discussion is focussed on discourses nature (communication, knowledge and information) and role in social system. The talk of modernism lays on extraordinary yet human-centric criteria, for example, "advancement" and "reason" that has been diversely demonstrated by Habermas, Luhmann and Bell in their work. Conversely, postmodernism analyse social life as indeterminacy and paradox, therefore eliminating the human specialist as the focal point of normal control and comprehension (Bansal 2002). Being Specific, this paper is going to discuss about the strategies and policies of sustainability within the frame of modernism and postmodernism perspective of sustainable development. Different readings and case studies were thoroughly read and understood and the critical factors of implementing sustainability within organizations will be discussed in this paper based on the readings and research. The reason I choose modernist approach which is also known as interpretivist perspective to understand sustainability is, to gain a thorough understanding of a social phenomenon, as this approach considers the opposite ontological position of nominalism or subjectivism and states that it is impossible to understand social world completely without knowing and understanding the perspective of social actors. As per the Epistemological position of Modernist approach is concerned, it is anti-positivist and presumes knowledge can only be gained from those individuals who resides in particular culture. The reason to choose postmodernist approach is as it entire opposite philosophy to modernist approach and it will be feasible to compare both these approaches. Post-modernist hesitate to make permanent epistemological or ontological promises. According to a post-modernist if a particular position is set i.e. either epistemological or ontological it honours some forms of knowledge over others and hence they do not consider these policies. A Modernist vs. post-Modernist Interpretation of Sustainability The primary issues for organizations and firms emerging in 21st century are related to sustainable development. Consequently, various corporations are including sustainability elements in their businesses. Also, the organizations tracing and recording socio economic performance is growing. Till now, the understanding of sustainability in business has been very weak. Hence the research has been conducted on identifying the environmental strategys classes, investigating the relation between environmental performance and financial performance and an understanding of why firms must go green. If the environment factors continually be on the path of degrading than existence of humans on earth in the coming future will be a question of doubt. This study has been conducted in order to examine a theoretical approach to identify threats around sustainability in voluntary organizations with the help of modernism and revisionary post modernism, with a belief that under difficult coordination, even a little change could bring vast changes. Also, Organizations that are working at local levels could bring a change to their societies (Jacobs 2013). According to Burrell Sustainability advancement in redefines terms is about rethinking how are we living on the planet, by rethinking it as a procedure instead of a result, and needs changes in conduct over every societal division whether it is individuals, business or government. This perspective has been censured in light of the fact that it offers a majority of contending realistic discoursed that challenges the premise of important change. However Sterling proposes revisionary post modernism defeats this issue. Revised Post Modernism is a third order, biological perspective which perceives central embeddedness in more extensive common frameworks, and not at all like unrevisionary post modernism, it recognizes the idea of the 'entire', as a related example of operators associating amongst themselves and with surroundings. The "entire" is not a target certainty but rather a co-developed makeshift settlement. In this appreciation revisionary post innovation looks like complex framew orks hypothesis, in which a framework is characterized as an assortment of communicating, privately decided talks (Capra 2007). Conceptualizing Sustainability There are various contradicting views of sustainability and according to a modernist it could be summarised in three comprehensive world visions, the neoclassical perspective, ecological modernization and deep ecology. The perception through neoclassical view is predominant. Financial development is the main impetus of national needs, as progression develops the riches for venture, livelihood and innovative work. Advocates of this perspective trust that the 'breaking points to development' are exceptionally far off or does not exist. Usually, companies merely follow ecological changes in the event that it is to their greatest advantage, if enactment directs, because of pressure from partners, and/or to pick up or hold hierarchical authenticity. According to deep ecologists view the world's assets are deficient and à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ nite to support boundless development. Unlimited financial progression debilitates the existence of every life on earth. An ecologist believes that the present levels of asset utilization are unmaintainable and are suspicious that technologists and markets could state concerns of natural corruption. The vision perspective of ecological modernizer is that they do not believe that development is always possible till end in the finite world; also they do not clearly say that there is an end to economic growth. While according to a post-modernist the complexity is not actually the idea of development through Sustainability rather it is the present dissertations around need for certainty, problem solving and linear analysis that should be reconsidered as the choices has been faced about whats to come. The humanity will have to learn about living with lack of control, ambiguity and diversity, where the only certainty is that every judgement will be the outcome of undefined information. Applications of Modernism and Post-Modernism view of Sustainability to organizations Modernist Perspective has a bad image as it believes in technology and science. The Modernism Effort was intrigued by the concept of machine, as is prove, example, by Le Corbusier's idea of the machine habiter or in his urban ventures for Algiers and Rio de Janeiro, a place where tall structures serves to convey interstates. The last are a definitive articulation of advancement, truly and allegorically (Anderson 1998). While an author Luhman who is a post-modernist outlined some features of the trending society that resembles to the complex system. Vast quantities of components (non-humans and humans), connecting progressively, various associations in a wide range of limits, non-direct co-operations in which the same bit of data affects diverse people, small distance collaborations decided locally with no meta-level control of data. Modernist believes that organizations are expanding its communications as well as social associations amongst representatives and different partners. Employees are 'attaching' with company gatherings, for example, green structure boards in addition to supply bunch gatherings, Also these are dynamic in outer supportability meetings and advisory groups. In any case, steady correspondence is a challenge. While correspondence through mails or personal is robust at plants, it is not same in marketing and sales groups. An individual remarked that the advancement of sustainability inside the association has 'lost a touch of force', and hence individuals' knowledge of interface working 'goes up and down'. While according to post-modernist many of the organizations are small in size, Etherington feels the third division grasps the way to mobilise community worry around sustainable development. The sectors capability as the manager of modifications is broadly perceived and this could unite individuals, can create opportunities for discussions about the ecosphere and explore differences. Division could initiate fresh issues and alternate points of view into provoking public debates, publicity of the policy debates, closeness to communities and citizens and also it could give voice to disenfranchise and this makes it more trustful than government or business. The sectors ability to inspire sustainable development is acknowledged by government. Numerous of corporations that are able to make up to the third sector are capable powers for a change in our society. Also for the fight against environmental change such powers are necessary. And it is known to everyone that if the climate changes it will impact worlds most vulnerable and poorest individuals first and rest later (Jacobs 2013). Despite the fact that there is a conviction that intentional corporations are critical operators of progression, unless voluntary corporations, their partners and the actors at local level recognise that they are the one who is the part of solution as well as the one who creates problem, it seems improbable that transformation will take place. This paper underwent through sharing methodology with shareholders group from unnatural corporations in an urban domain to reconnoitre self-knowledge about sustainability. While trying to create comprehensive accounts around sustainability through modernist and post-modernist approach which can empower neighborhood activity, the point was not to give complete results or arrangements, rather to produce an alternate sort of learning, a comprehension of the connections between the operators, non-humans and humans, in the framework to investigate how connections in an active framework could impact the system. Post-modernist methodology might benefit people in companies to perceive their part in the formation of society and to perceive the common habitat as a true blue partner, instead of an externality outside of their obligation (Jacobs 2013). While according to modernist methodology societal practice is not so far completely systematized in the commercial approach as there is a contention in dealing with representative's timings. Such as, as compare to previous couple of years this year has been less opportunities for extra activities. These different thoughts might add to a more extensive acknowledgment by corporations of requirement to involve sustainability in tasks and setups and assist them to investigate diverse methods for working at a local level that supports development of new thoughts. Hence its a challenge now that if anyone comes with some idea how we would really suit that given the amount of work we have on right now (Capra 2007). Recommendations Various other orientations to the spirit of innovation have been instituted amongst the makers of the Modernism Expansion. In Hans Wittwer's Bernau and Hannes Meyer exchange union university, for instance, the principle passage is set apart by the three fireplaces of the warming establishment, a stacking stage and a progression of carport entrywaysan exceptionally typical position of innovation undoubtedly (Anderson 1998). An author Droege Peter has aggressively accused modernist perspective and new municipal advancement for visual deficiency regarding their reliance on fossil assets. Regarding our explanatory system, Droege criticises Sassen Saskia as he did not considered the complete modular chain related to retrocipations, far into the material premise of our unpredictable social orders. Only after full recognition of true measurements of human reliability on fossil assets, and all the for the most part on biological community benefits, we might begin to recognize both the center issues and the conceivable answers for defeating them. It is just by completely perceiving the genuine measurements of our reliance on fossil assets, and all the more for the most part on biological community benefits, that we may begin to recognize both the center issues and the conceivable answers for defeating them. Such a leap forward is presently normally alluded to as a framework move, and various specialists concur on the conviction that such entire framework change is most extreme earnest. Seen from the modular investigation perspective, this requires the whole modular chain to be re-evaluated (Anderson 1998). The actual realisation after reading every journal is that modernism has been represented as main culprit for problems related to environment while it is in real a source of motivation and encouragement, and the reason is its appreciated legacy of emancipatory determinations. Conclusions The research in this paper has elaborated a dual argument. At one side we argued about modernism and postmodernism rather been considered as a threat should be treated as inspirational source. While at other side attempted to resolve the harsh extremity amongst the individuals who claim that sustainable development must overcome others and the individuals who expect that such a propensity would lead to techno critic attitudes that would leave aside all different worries of design. Closing the discussion, neither the research pretends to provide any extraordinary definition of sustainability not did it offers a thorough science-philosophical examination of current open deliberations. It was only aimed to highlight the importance of sustainability in organizations which was lacking somewhere. The paper also highlighted about how the use of postmodernism could simplify research in difficult situations. Postmodernism investigation might, hence, make us unrestricted, not to do everything we want to, but rather to re-establish to operators the totality of good decision and obligation whilst all the while denying us of the solace of the widespread direction that innovation guaranteed. References Capra F. (2007) The Web of Life: a new scientific understanding of living systems, Anchor Books, New York. Cilliers P. (2008) Complexity and Postmodernism: understanding complex systems, Routledge, London. Couldry, N. (2004) Actor Network Theory and the Media: do they connect and on what terms?, in Hepp et al (eds) Buchs, M., Smith G. and Edwards R. (2011) Low Carbon Practices: a third sector research agenda, TSRC May 2011 working paper 59. Anderson, R.C. 1998. Mid-Course Correction. Perengrinzilla: Atlanta, GA. Bansal, P. (2002) The corporate challenges of sustainable development. The Academy of Management Executive 16: 122131. Bansal, P. (2003). From issues to actions: The importance of individual concerns and organizational values in responding to natural environ-mental issues. Organization Science 14: 510527. Hillebrand, B. and Biemans, W.G. (2011) Theory-testing using case studies: a comment on Johnston, Leach, and Liu. Industrial Marketing Management 30: 651657. Jacobs, M. (2013). The Green Economy: Environment, Sustainable Development, and the Politics of the Future. Pluto: London. Meadows, D., Meadows, L. and Randers, J. (2012) The Limits to Growth: a Report for the Club of Romes Project on the Predicament of Mankind. Earth IslandPan: London. Jarzombek, M. (2003) Sustainability, Architecture and Nature. Between Fuzzy Systems and Wicked Problems. Thresholds, 26, 5456. Ingersoll, R. (2012) The Ecology Question and Architecture. In The Sage Handbook of Architectural Theory; Crysler, C., Cairns, S., Heynen, H., Eds.; Sage: London, UK; pp. 573589. Pyla, P. (2008) Counter-Histories of Sustainability. Volume, 18, 1417. Carson, R. (2012) Silent Spring; Houghton Mifflin: Boston, MA, USA. Hagan, S. (2008) Digitalia. Architecture and the Digital, the Environmental and the Avant-Garde; Routledge: London, UK; New York, NY, USA. Chang, J.H. (2012) Tropical Variants of Sustainable Architecture. In The Sage Handbook of Architectural Theory; Crysler, C., Cairns, S., Heynen, H., Eds.; Sage: London, UK, pp. 602617. Guy, S. and Farmer, G. (2001) Reinterpreting Sustainable Architecture: The Place of Technology. J. Archit. Educ., 54, 140148.

Charity in Islam free essay sample

This category of people is defined in surah at-Taubah (9) verse 60: The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and to free the captives and the debtors, and for the cause of Allah, and (for) the wayfarers; a duty imposed by Allah. Allah is knower, Wise. (The Holy Quran 9:60). The obligatory nature of Zakat is firmly established in the Quran, the Sunnah (or hadith), and the consensus of the companions and the Muslim scholars. Allah states in Surah at-Taubah verses 34-35: 34:O ye who believe! there are indeed many among the priests and anchorites, who in Falsehood devour the substance of men and hinder (them) from the way of Allah. And there are those who bury gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah. announce unto them a most grievous penalty- 35:On the Day when heat will be produced out of that (wealth) in the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, their flanks, and their backs. We will write a custom essay sample on Charity in Islam or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This is the (treasure) which ye buried for yourselves: taste ye, then, the (treasures) ye buried! (The Holy Quran 9:34-35). The prophet (pbuh) said: Any owner of gold and silver who does not deliver from them their right, on the Day of Quiyamah (Day of Judgment), (the gold and silver) will be shaped as foils of fire. Then it will be heated in the fire of Hell; (and) then with it he will be ironed on his side, his forehead, and his back (narrated by Muslim).